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No doubt the easiest way to conceive of the sam
is to imagine that you have a common noun, without
specifying what noun it is, and to think that that
noun signifies some quality which is possessed
by anything to which it applies, but is not possessed
by anything to which it does not apply. Now you are
to imagine a single thing which is composed of parts.
Nothing is done to these parts to put them into their
places in the whole: their mere existence locates
them in the whole. Now think of this rule as describing
the whole. If any individual object can properly have that
common noun predicated of it, it is a part of
the single object called a sam; if not, it is not.
That gives you the idea of the sam. Now to
get the idea of a gath, you are to consider that